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BS ISO 29400:2015 Ships and marine technology. Offshore wind energy. Port and marine operations, 2015
- Foreword
- Introduction
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
- 4.1 Symbols
- 4.2 Abbreviated terms
- 5 General considerations
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.1.1 General
- 5.1.2 Safety requirements
- 5.2 Jurisdiction
- 5.2.1 Introduction
- 5.2.2 Life at sea
- 5.2.3 Environment
- 5.3 HSSE plan
- 5.4 Risk management
- 5.4.1 Introduction
- 5.4.2 Techniques to evaluate risks
- 5.5 Job safety analysis
- 5.6 Environmental impact study
- 5.7 Manning, qualifications, job and safety training
- 5.8 Incident reporting
- 5.9 Personnel tracking
- 5.10 Approval by national authorities
- 6 Organization, documentation and planning
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Organization and communication
- 6.2.1 Project organization
- 6.2.2 Operational organization
- 6.3 Quality assurance and administrative procedures
- 6.4 Technical procedures
- 6.5 Technical documentation
- 6.5.1 Document numbering system
- 6.5.2 Port and marine operations documents
- 6.5.3 Operational schedule/programme
- 6.5.4 Contingency philosophy
- 6.5.5 Contingency planning and emergency procedures
- 6.5.6 Emergency preparedness bridging document
- 6.5.7 As-built documentation
- 6.5.8 Standards for data transfer to CAD systems
- 6.6 Certification and documentation
- 6.6.1 General
- 6.6.2 Required or recommended documentation
- 6.7 Marine warranty survey
- 6.7.1 Role of the marine warranty surveyor
- 6.7.2 Certificate of approval
- 6.7.3 MWS scope of work
- 6.7.4 Certificate of approval
- 6.8 Systems and equipment
- 6.8.1 General
- 6.8.2 Marine vessels
- 6.8.3 Major equipment
- 7 Metocean and earthquake requirements
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Weather-restricted/weather-unrestricted operations
- 7.2.1 Weather-restricted operations
- 7.2.2 Weather-unrestricted operations
- 7.3 Metocean conditions
- 7.3.1 Wind
- 7.3.2 Wave, wave period and swell conditions
- 7.3.3 Current
- 7.3.4 Tidal factors
- 7.3.5 Other metocean factors
- 7.3.6 Temperature
- 7.3.7 Marine growth
- 7.4 Metocean criteria
- 7.4.1 Design criteria and operational limits
- 7.4.2 Return periods
- 7.4.3 Response-based analysis
- 7.4.4 Probability distributions of sea state parameters
- 7.5 Weather windows
- 7.5.1 Weather-restricted operations
- 7.5.2 Impact on design
- 7.6 Operational duration and weather window
- 7.6.1 Time schedule
- 7.6.2 Point of no return
- 7.7 Operational limits
- 7.8 Forecasted and monitored operational limits
- 7.9 Metocean forecast
- 7.9.1 General
- 7.9.2 Forecast parameters
- 7.9.3 On-site monitoring
- 7.10 Earthquake
- 7.11 Soil
- 8 Onshore transport and nearshore transport
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Structural integrity calculations
- 8.3 Personnel qualifications
- 8.4 Loading, unloading and lifting
- 8.5 Transport via roads
- 8.6 Transport via inshore waterways
- 8.7 Transport via nearshore waterways
- 8.8 Transport via railways
- 8.9 Transport frames and equipment
- 9 Intermediate storage areas
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Infrastructure requirements
- 9.2.1 Load bearing
- 9.2.2 Surface
- 9.3 Personnel qualifications
- 9.4 Loadout, unloading and lifting
- 9.5 Storage frames and equipment
- 9.6 Requirements of components for storage
- 9.7 Protection of components against environmental conditions
- 9.8 Structural integrity calculations
- 9.9 Safety and security
- 10 Pre-assembly
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Pre-assembly area requirements
- 10.3 Personnel qualifications
- 10.4 Loadout, lifting and internal transport
- 10.5 Pre-assembly activities
- 10.6 Operational limits/weather conditions
- 10.7 Pre-assembly equipment
- 10.8 Structural integrity calculations
- 10.9 Safety and security
- 11 Harbour activities
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Personnel qualifications
- 11.3 Accessibility of harbour areas
- 11.3.1 Water access
- 11.3.2 Inland access
- 11.4 Storage areas of quayside
- 11.5 Safety and security measures
- 11.6 Quayside requirements
- 11.7 Harbour subsea soil requirements for jacking activities
- 12 Weight control
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Weight control classes
- 12.3 Weight and CoG constraints
- 12.4 Weight control audits
- 12.5 Dimensional control
- 12.6 Serial items
- 12.7 Offshore wind farm components
- 12.8 Weight determinations
- 13 Stability
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 General requirements
- 13.3 Stability calculations
- 13.4 Intact stability
- 13.4.1 Introduction
- 13.4.2 Intact stability criteria
- 13.5 Damage stability
- 13.5.1 Introduction
- 13.5.2 Damage stability criteria
- 13.6 Single-barge transports
- 13.7 Multi-barge transports
- 13.8 Classed vessels
- 13.9 Self-floating structures
- 13.9.1 General
- 13.9.2 Intact and damage stability
- 13.9.3 Upending and installation of self-floating and launched steel structures
- 13.10 Loadout operations
- 13.11 Watertight integrity and temporary closures
- 13.12 Inclining tests
- 14 Ballasting operations
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Ballast calculations for different stages
- 14.3 In ballast system
- 14.3.1 Operational aspects
- 14.3.2 Other operational considerations
- 14.4 Protection against damage and deterioration
- 14.4.1 General
- 14.4.2 Freezing
- 14.5 Prevention of progressive flooding in damage condition
- 14.6 Control and indicating systems
- 14.7 Pumps
- 14.7.1 Specification and layout
- 14.7.2 Pump performance curves and functional limitations
- 14.8 Valve arrangements
- 14.9 Vent systems
- 14.10 Air cushion system capacity
- 14.11 System testing
- 15 Loadout
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Categories of loadout
- 15.2.1 Design: structural analysis during all loadout phases
- 15.2.2 Loadout planning
- 15.2.3 Cargo weight details and COG information
- 15.2.4 Deck loading plan
- 15.3 Structure being loaded
- 15.4 Site and quay
- 15.5 Barge
- 15.6 Link beams, skidways and skidshoes
- 15.7 Moorings
- 15.7.1 Weather-restricted operation
- 15.7.2 Temporary mooring system
- 15.8 Grounded loadouts
- 15.9 Pumping and ballasting
- 15.9.1 Pump capacity
- 15.9.2 Recommended pump capacity
- 15.10 Loadouts by trailers, SPMTs or hydraulic skidshoes
- 15.10.1 Introduction
- 15.10.2 Structural capacity
- 15.10.3 Load equalization and stability
- 15.10.4 Vertical alignment
- 15.10.5 Skidshoes
- 15.11 Propulsion system design, redundancy and back-up
- 15.11.1 Propulsion system
- 15.11.2 Redundancy ad recommendations
- 15.12 Float-on onto submersible barges or vessels
- 15.13 Lifted loadouts
- 15.14 Transverse loadouts
- 15.15 Barge reinstatement and sea fastenings
- 15.16 Tugs
- 15.17 Management and organization
- 15.18 Loadout manual
- 15.19 Operating manual
- 16 Transportation
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2 General considerations
- 16.2.1 Manned tows
- 16.2.2 Unmanned tows
- 16.2.3 Navigation lights, signals and day shapes
- 16.2.4 Contingency
- 16.2.5 Motion responses
- 16.2.6 Structural verification of the transported object
- 16.2.7 Bunker ports
- 16.2.8 Weather forecast
- 16.2.9 Design: Structural analysis during all transport phases
- 16.2.10 Transport planning
- 16.2.11 Operational limits
- 16.3 Weather routeing and forecasting
- 16.4 Ports of shelter, shelter areas, holding areas
- 16.5 Inspections during the towage or voyage
- 16.6 Responsibility
- 16.7 Hazardous materials
- 16.8 Ballast water
- 16.9 Restricted depths, heights and manoeuvrability
- 16.10 Under-keel clearances
- 16.11 Air draught
- 16.12 Channel width and restricted manoeuvrability
- 16.13 Towline pull required, fleet composition and towing arrangement
- 16.13.1 Towline pull required
- 16.13.2 Towing fleet
- 16.13.3 Towing arrangement
- 16.13.4 Towline length
- 16.14 Tow out from dry dock
- 16.14.1 General
- 16.14.2 Under-keel clearance
- 16.14.3 Side clearances
- 16.14.4 Air cushion/air pressure
- 16.14.5 Capacity of winching and towing arrangements
- 16.14.6 Navigation systems
- 16.14.7 Survey requirements
- 16.15 Inshore tow
- 16.15.1 Tow route and towing clearances
- 16.15.2 Survey requirements
- 16.15.3 Navigation systems
- 16.16 Offshore tow
- 16.16.1 Holding areas and contingency plans for routing
- 16.16.2 Under-keel clearance
- 16.16.3 Special considerations
- 16.16.4 Navigation systems
- 16.16.5 Survey requirements
- 16.17 Transport onboard a vessel
- 16.17.1 Vessel selection
- 16.17.2 Stability
- 16.17.3 Under-keel clearance
- 16.17.4 Special considerations
- 16.17.5 Sea fastening
- 16.17.6 Navigation systems
- 16.18 Transport manual
- 16.18.1 Voyage planning
- 17 Temporary mooring and stationkeeping for marine operations
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Environmental criteria
- 17.3 Determination of mooring response
- 17.3.1 Analysis methods
- 17.3.2 General considerations on the mooring design
- 17.4 Sizing of mooring lines
- 17.4.1 General considerations
- 17.4.2 Line tension limits and design safety factors
- 17.4.3 Particular mooring conditions
- 17.5 Sizing of anchors
- 17.6 Sizing of attachments
- 17.7 Sizing of mooring line components
- 17.8 Clearances under extreme conditions
- 17.9 Tensioning of moorings
- 17.10 Other stationkeeping means
- 17.10.1 General
- 17.10.2 DP systems
- 17.10.3 Purpose-built mooring arrangements
- 17.10.4 Use of tugs
- 17.11 System for common reference stations
- 18 Offshore installation operations
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.1.1 General
- 18.1.2 Design: Structural analysis during all installation phases
- 18.1.3 Installation planning
- 18.1.4 Cargo weight details and COG information
- 18.1.5 Operational limits
- 18.1.6 Design
- 18.2 Installation site
- 18.2.1 Sea floor survey
- 18.2.2 Soil survey
- 18.2.3 Soil preparation
- 18.2.4 Site-specific site plan
- 18.2.5 Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Survey
- 18.3 Site actions on and motions of floating units
- 18.4 Systems and equipment
- 18.4.1 General
- 18.4.2 Vessels
- 18.4.3 Equipment (e.g. hammer, upending tools, grout spread, ROV, special lifting tools)
- 18.4.4 Position monitoring system
- 18.4.5 Ballast systems
- 18.4.6 Transport vessel interface with marine equipment
- 18.4.7 Floating structure interface with marine equipment
- 18.5 Launching
- 18.5.1 General
- 18.5.2 Operational aspects
- 18.5.3 Preparations at fabrication yard
- 18.5.4 Operational control parameters
- 18.6 Float-off
- 18.6.1 General
- 18.6.2 Operational aspects
- 18.6.3 Preparations at the fabrication yard
- 18.6.4 Operational control parameters
- 18.7 Positioning of vessels
- 18.8 Site reference system
- 18.9 Geotechnical site specific assessment
- 18.9.1 Required soil investigations
- 18.9.2 Penetration analysis, punch-through and horizontal-vertical-interaction
- 18.10 Site specific installation plan
- 18.11 Jack-up preloading procedure
- 18.12 Upending of foundation structure
- 18.12.1 General
- 18.12.2 Operational aspects
- 18.12.3 Preparations at the fabrication yard/offload location
- 18.12.4 Operational control parameters
- 18.13 Ballasting
- 18.14 Lifted installations
- 18.14.1 General
- 18.14.2 Installation of liftable jackets
- 18.14.3 Installation of templates for piles
- 18.14.4 Installation of piles
- 18.14.5 Installation of transition pieces
- 18.14.6 Installation of GBS
- 18.14.7 Installation of topsides
- 18.14.8 Transfer of items from a barge to the deck of a crane vessel/jack-up vessel
- 18.14.9 Installation of towers
- 18.14.10 Installation of WTG including nacelle, hub and blades
- 18.14.11 Operational aspects
- 18.14.12 Fabrication yard
- 18.14.13 Operational control parameters
- 18.15 Lowering by ballasting
- 18.15.1 General
- 18.15.2 Operational aspects
- 18.15.3 Operational control parameters
- 18.16 Precise positioning on the sea floor by active and passive means
- 18.16.1 General
- 18.16.2 Operational aspects
- 18.16.3 Operational control parameters
- 18.17 Skirt penetration
- 18.17.1 General
- 18.17.2 Gravity penetration
- 18.17.3 Suction penetration
- 18.17.4 Operational aspects
- 18.17.5 Operational control parameters
- 18.18 Piles installation
- 18.18.1 General
- 18.18.2 Operational aspects
- 18.18.3 Operational control parameters
- 18.19 Grouting
- 18.19.1 General
- 18.19.2 Grouting of pile — Transition-piece structure
- 18.19.3 Underbase grouting of pile — Jacket structures
- 18.19.4 Operational aspects
- 18.19.5 Preparations
- 18.19.6 Operational control parameters
- 18.20 Bolted connections of foundation
- 18.21 Welding of piles/foundation to topsides
- 18.22 Noise mitigation measures
- 18.23 Crew transfer from installation units
- 18.24 Offshore completion
- 18.24.1 General
- 18.24.2 ROV inspection
- 18.24.3 Removal of temporary equipment
- 18.24.4 Scour protection
- 18.25 Operating manual
- 19 Design of lifting equipment
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2 Rigging geometry
- 19.3 Actions and action effects
- 19.4 Weight contingency factors
- 19.5 Dynamic amplification factors (DAFs)
- 19.5.1 General
- 19.5.2 For lifts by a single crane on a vessel
- 19.5.3 For lifts by cranes on two or more vessels
- 19.5.4 Representative hook load
- 19.5.5 Representative lift weight per lift point
- 19.5.6 Representative forces on a lift point
- 19.6 Strengths of slings, grommets and shackles
- 19.6.1 General
- 19.6.2 Calculated strengths of the bodies of slings and grommets
- 19.6.3 Termination efficiency factor
- 19.6.4 Bending efficiency factor
- 19.6.5 Representative strengths of slings and grommets
- 19.6.6 Working load limits and design strengths of slings and grommets
- 19.6.7 Working load limit and design strength of shackles
- 19.7 Design verifications
- 19.7.1 Allowable hook load
- 19.7.2 Slings and grommets
- 19.7.3 Lift points and their attachment to the structure and supporting members
- 19.8 Lift point design
- 19.8.1 Introduction
- 19.8.2 Sling ovalization
- 19.8.3 Plate rolling direction and direction of loading
- 19.8.4 Pinholes
- 19.8.5 Cast padears and welded trunnions
- 19.8.6 Cheek plates
- 19.9 Clearances
- 19.9.1 Introduction
- 19.9.2 Clearances around lifted objects
- 19.9.3 Clearances around crane vessel
- 19.9.4 Clearances around mooring lines and anchors of crane vessels
- 19.9.5 Clearances around array cable zones
- 19.9.6 Clearances around spud-can positions of jack-up vessels
- 19.10 Bumpers and guides
- 19.10.1 Introduction
- 19.10.2 Object movements
- 19.10.3 Position of bumpers and guides
- 19.10.4 Bumper and guide loads
- 19.10.5 Design considerations
- 19.11 Heave compensated lifts
- 19.12 Lifts using DP
- 19.13 Practical considerations
- 19.13.1 Access
- 19.13.2 Design of sea fastening
- 19.13.3 Equipment
- 19.13.4 Slings
- 19.14 Certification requirements for lifting equipment
- 19.14.1 Standard lifting equipment
- 19.14.2 Custom-made lifting equipment
- 20 Laying, burial and pull-in of sub-sea cables
- 20.1 General
- 20.2 Planning and design
- 20.2.1 Cable dimensions and handling parameters
- 20.2.2 Seafloor survey — Specifically cable route corridors between turbines and substation(s)
- 20.2.3 Metocean conditions and criteria
- 20.2.4 Vessel suitability
- 20.2.5 Cable storage and cable handling equipment
- 20.2.6 Navigation equipment — Positioning and control of vessel/cable interface
- 20.3 Cable laying
- 20.3.1 Cable pull-in procedures
- 20.3.2 Cable lay
- 20.4 Cable protection
- 20.4.1 Cable burial
- 20.4.2 Non-burial cable protection
- 20.5 Post installation survey
- 20.6 Cable commissioning
- 20.7 Cable installation manual
- 21 Personnel transfer
- 22 Construction management
- 22.1 Introduction
- 22.2 Marine coordination
- 22.3 Harbour coordination
- 22.4 Guard vessel
- 22.5 Reporting
- 22.6 Personnel tracking
- Annex A (informative) Additional information and guidance
- Bibliography [Go to Page]