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PD 6687:2026 Background paper to the NA to BS EN 1992-1-1:2023, NA to BS EN 1992-1-2:2023 and NA to BS EN 1992-4:2018, 2026
- Foreword
- 0 Introduction
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms and definitions
- 3.2 Abbreviated terms
- 4 BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, Eurocode 2 – Design of concrete structures – Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, bridges and civil engineering structures [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Effects of water or gas pressure at cracks (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 4.2.1.6)
- Figure 1 — Effect of water pressures at tension crack
- Figure 2 — Effect of water pressures at shear crack
- 4.2 Properties of reinforcing steel [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 5.2.2 (1)]
- 4.3 Load arrangements for analysis (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 7.1)
- Figure 3 — Definition of panels and bays
- 4.4 Calculation of [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.1 (4)]
- 4.5 Aggregate requirements [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.1 (4)]
- 4.6 Shear resistance in the presence of axial force [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.2 (5)]
- 4.7 Shear force in case of moving loads [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.2 (9)]
- Figure 4 — Illustration of shear force envelopes for moving loads where the axle spacing exceeds 2 d
- Figure 5 — Illustration of shear force envelopes for moving loads where the axle spacing is less than 2 d
- 4.8 Limits to under axial compression [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.3 (4)]
- 4.9 Estimation of for circular sections [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.3 (9)]
- Figure 6 — Comparison of values of z for shear with calculated lever arms for rectangular and circular sections, as defined in BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023
- 4.10 Use of Formula 8.55, and [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.2.3 (12)]
- 4.11 Punching shear (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.4)
- 4.12 Averaging of shear stress around a control perimeter [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.4.2 (7)]
- 4.13 Significant concentrated loads [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.4.2 (8)]
- 4.14 Constructing the and the and perimeter [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.4.4 (4)]
- 4.15 [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.4.4 (5)]
- 4.16 Compressive membrane action [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.4.4 (6)]
- 4.17 Strut and tie models in cracked concrete [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 8.5.1 (3)]
- 4.18 Refined control of cracking (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 9.2.3)
- Figure 7 — Effective tension area and notation for definition of k1/r a section with general orientation
- 4.19 Calculation of for deflection (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 9.3.3 and 9.3.4)
- 4.20 Simplified calculation of deflections in two‑way spanning and flat slabs [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 9.3.3 (1)]
- 4.21 Minimum mandrel size [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 11.3 (4)]
- 4.22 Tension anchorage and lapping of reinforcement [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 11.4.2 (3) and 11.5.2 (2)]
- Figure 8 — Influence of reinforcement stress on design lap length for 16 mm bars, = 48 mm clear spacing between bars and cover 35 mm
- Figure 9 — Influence of reinforcement stress on design lap length for 25 mm bars, = 75 mm clear spacing between bars and cover 35 mm
- 4.23 Effect of rib pattern on and [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 11.4.2 (3)]
- 4.24 Transverse compression over part of anchorage length [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 11.4.2 (5)]
- Figure 10 — Determination of and
- 4.25 Laps using headed bars (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 11.5.5)
- 4.26 Figure 12.6 (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 12.5)
- 4.27 Detailing of laps in columns (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 12.6)
- 4.28 Figure 12.7 (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 12.5)
- 4.29 Tying requirements to satisfy building regulations throughout the UK (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 12.9)
- 4.30 Guidance on minimum bearing size [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 12.10 (5)]
- Table 1 — Minimum value of in mm
- Table 2 — Value of for different supports
- Table 3 — Value of for different support material
- 4.31 Simplified design method for walls and columns [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, 14.4.5.2 (1)]
- 4.32 Adjustment of partial factors for materials (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, Annex A)
- 4.33 Strength development class (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, Table B.1)
- 4.34 Decoiling [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, C.4.1 (1)]
- 4.35 Consideration of creep in restraint cracking (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, D.5 and D.6)
- 4.36 Definition of in membrane elements (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, G.3)
- 4.37 Crack width control in layers of a membrane [(BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, G.5 (5)]
- 4.38 Application of clauses (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, I.3)
- 4.39 Parameter (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, I.5.2.1)
- 4.40 Anchorage of plain and square twisted reinforcement (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, I.11.4)
- 4.41 Anchorage of ribbed bars with non-conforming ribs [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, I.11.4.1 (8)]
- 4.42 Product standards for ABR strengthening system [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.5.1]
- 4.43 Design tensile strain [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.5.3 (3)]
- 4.44 Column slenderness (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.8)
- 4.45 Confining effects of CFRP [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.8.1.2 (3)]
- 4.46 Guidance on [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.8.2.3 (4)]
- 4.47 Stirrups intersecting a shear crack [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.8.2.3(7)]
- 4.48 Fatigue design bond resistance (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.10.1)
- 4.49 Anchorage resistance [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.11.1.2.3 (3)]
- 4.50 Shear induced separation (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.11.1.2.5)
- 4.51 NSM anchorage [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, J.11.1.3(2)]
- 4.52 Use of PD 6687‑2:2008 (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, Annex K)
- 4.53 Steel fibres (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.1)
- 4.54 Scope (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.1)
- 4.55 Creep [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.5.4(1)]
- 4.56 Design residual tensile strengths (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.5.5.1)
- 4.57 Fibre orientation [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.5.5.1(3)]
- 4.58 Member size [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.5.5.1(7)]
- 4.59 [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.5.5.2(1)]
- 4.60 Ultimate strains [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.5.5.2(2)]
- 4.61 Minimum cover to embedded reinforcement [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.6 (2)]
- 4.62 Area of tension zone to ignore [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.6 (3)]
- 4.63 Deformation capacity [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.7 (2)]
- 4.64 Stress distribution [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.8.1 (4)]
- 4.65 Design with strut-and-tie models (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.8.5)
- 4.66 Reinforcement to avoid yielding [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.9.2 (1)]
- 4.67 Minimum reinforcement (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.12.1)
- 4.68 Quality control measures [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.13.1 (1)]
- 4.69 Requirements for SFRC (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, L.15)
- 4.70 Recycled Aggregates (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, Annex N)
- 4.71 Effective length of columns in regular frames [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, O.5 (3) and (4)]
- 4.72 Product standards for embedded FRP reinforcement [BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, R.5.1 (1)]
- 4.73 Simplified method for crack control (BS EN 1992‑1‑1:2023, Annex S)
- Table 4 — Permitted reinforcement combinations in flexural elements to limit crack widths to 0,3 mm for and concrete cover to main reinforcement, c 30 mm
- Table 5 — Permitted reinforcement combinations in flexural elements to limit crack widths to 0,3 mm for and concrete cover to main reinforcement, 30 mm < c ≤ 40 mm
- 5 BS EN 1992‑1‑2:2023, Eurocode 2 – Design of concrete structures – Part 1-2: Structural fire design [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Use of Formula (6.7) (BS EN 1992‑1‑2:2023, 6.3.2.2)
- 5.2 Load bearing solid plain concrete walls (BS EN 1992‑1‑2:2023, 6.4)
- Table 6 — Minimum dimensions for load bearing plain concrete walls
- 5.3 Spalling of recycled aggregate concrete [(BS EN 1992‑1‑2:2023, C.3 (3)]
- 6 BS EN 1992‑4:2018, Eurocode 2 – Design of concrete structures – Part 4: Design of fastenings for use in concrete [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General (BS EN 1992‑4:2018, 1.1)
- 6.2 Combined pullout and concrete failure in the case of post‑installed bonded fasteners (BS EN 1992‑4:2018, 7.6.1.6)
- Annex A (informative)Appraisal and testing of building structures [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Purpose of testing
- A.3 Basis of approach
- A.4 Check tests on structural concrete
- A.4.1 General
- A.4.2 Strength of concrete in the structure
- A.5 Load tests of structures or parts of structures
- A.5.1 General
- A.5.2 Test loads
- A.5.3 Assessment of results
- A.5.4 Test criteria
- A.6 Load tests on individual precast units
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
