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eLibrary > PD IEC TR 61577-5:2019 Radiation protection instrumentation. Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments - General properties of radon and radon decay products and their measurement methods >

PD IEC TR 61577-5:2019 Radiation protection instrumentation. Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments - General properties of radon and radon decay products and their measurement methods, 2019

PD IEC TR 61577-5:2019 Radiation protection instrumentation. Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments - General properties of radon and radon decay products and their measurement methods, 2019

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Symbols, quantities and units [Go to Page]
3.1 Symbols
3.2 Quantities and units
4 Radon in the environment [Go to Page]
4.1 Origin, genesis and decay
4.2 Radon in the rocks and soils and its transport towards the atmosphere
4.3 Radon concentration in the outdoor air
4.4 Radon concentration in houses and at workplaces
5 Radon decay products in the atmosphere [Go to Page]
5.1 Physical processes of decay products in gaseous media
Figures [Go to Page]
Figure 1 – Diurnal variations of the radon activity concentration in the cellar, 1st and 2nd floor of a detached house measured over 12 days
5.2 Aerosol characteristics and ventilation
6 Physical and chemical properties of radon and radon decay products [Go to Page]
6.1 Physical and chemical properties
6.2 Solubility of radon in liquids
6.3 Radiological properties and radioactive equilibrium
Figure 2 – Decay of 222Rn after injection of 1 000 Bq at the start time and generation of decay products
Figure 3 – Decay of 220Rn (Thoron) after injection of 1 000 Bq at the start time and generation of decay products
Figure 4 – Activity build-up of 222Rn and its decay products for a continuous supply of 222Rn with a rate of 1 Bq/s (in the absence of initial activities)
Figure 5 – Activity build-up of 220Rn (Thoron) and its decay products for a continuous supply of 220Rn with a rate of 1 Bq/s (in the absence of initial activities)
6.4 Interaction of alpha particles with matter and energy deposition
Figure 6 – Total stopping power of alpha particles penetrating different materials, the graphs use data from [38]
7 Measurement of 222Rn and 220Rn and their decay products [Go to Page]
7.1 Relevant measurement quantities and units [Go to Page]
7.1.1 Activity concentration (C)
7.1.2 Equilibrium equivalent activity concentration (EEC, Ceq)
7.1.3 Equilibrium factor (F)
7.1.4 Exposure to radon (PRn)
Tables [Go to Page]
Table 1 – Coefficients for the calculation of the equilibrium equivalent concentration from measured activity concentrations of radon progeny [Go to Page]
7.1.5 Potential alpha energy (εp)
7.1.6 Potential alpha energy concentration (Cp)
Table 2 – Potential alpha energy per atom for 222Rn progeny including standard uncertainty
Table 3 – Potential alpha energy per atom for 220Rn progeny including standard uncertainty [Go to Page]
7.1.7 Potential alpha energy exposure (Pp)
7.1.8 The unattached and attached fraction of potential alpha energy concentration
7.2 Instruments measuring airborne radon activity concentration
7.3 Measurement of radon decay products [Go to Page]
7.3.1 General overview of instruments
7.3.2 Sampling of the unattached radon decay products
Figure 7 – Contributions of the deposition processes to the total efficiency (calculated exemplarily for a wire screen)
Figure 8 – Variation of deposition efficiency of a wire screen in dependence on air flow velocity (calculated exemplarily for a wire screen) [Go to Page]
7.3.3 Counting methods for the measurement of the activity concentrations and the potential alpha-energy concentration
Table 4 – Time scheme for the method of Thomas [57]
Figure 9 – Measurement error of the method of MARKOV given in percent for different ratios of decay products in the air sampled
Table 5 – Time scheme for the method of MARKOV [63]
Figure 10 – Method of multiple successive countings
8 Quality assurance [Go to Page]
8.1 Definition and purpose
8.2 Quality control
8.3 Validation and traceability of measurements [Go to Page]
8.3.1 Validation of methods
8.3.2 Type test of radon instruments
8.3.3 Interlaboratory comparison
8.3.4 Measurement traceability and calibration
9 Determination of the measurement uncertainty, detection threshold, detection limit [Go to Page]
9.1 General
9.2 Procedure for the determination
Annex A (informative)Tables and figures [Go to Page]
Figure A.1 – Sampling and measurement procedures commonly used for radon instruments
Figure A.2 – Sampling and measurement procedures commonly used for radon progeny instruments
Table A.1 – Physical and chemical characteristics [29]
Table A.2 – 226Ra, 222Rn and radionuclides of the 222Rn decay chain [37]
Table A.3 – 224Ra, 220Rn and radionuclides of the 220Rn decay chain [37]
Table A.4 – CSDA-Range of alpha particles emitted by Radon-222 and Radon-220 decay products in different materials [38]
Table A.5 – Solubility of radon in organic components [31]
Table A.6 – Diffusion coefficients and diffusion lengths for radon in different materials [79]
Annex B (informative)Radioactive decay formulae [Go to Page]
B.1 General
B.2 Symbols
B.3 Preliminary considerations and assumptions
B.4 Build-up of filter activity during sampling
B.5 Decay of the filter activity after cessation of sampling
B.6 Number of alpha disintegrations registered after sampling
Figure B.1 – Scheme for sampling and counting
Annex C (informative)Uncertainty analysis for the method of multiple successive countings to determine the activity concentrations of radon and thoron decay products [Go to Page]
C.1 Symbols
C.2 Uncertainties of the parameter of the model function
C.3 Decision threshold
C.4 Detection limit
C.5 Confidence limits
C.6 Best estimate and its uncertainty
Bibliography [Go to Page]

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PD IEC TR 61577-5:2019 Radiation protection instrumentation. Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments - General properties of radon and radon decay products and their measurement methods, 2019

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