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PD IEC/TS 62788-2:2017 Measurement procedures for materials used in photovoltaic modules - Polymeric materials. Frontsheets and backsheets, 2017
- undefined
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Test procedures [Go to Page]
- 4.1 General
- 4.2 Mechanical characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 General
- 4.2.2 Thickness
- 4.2.3 Area weight
- 4.2.4 Tensile strength / elongation at break
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Specimen type [Go to Page]
- 4.2.5 Curling
- 4.3 Adhesion testing [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1 Purpose
- 4.3.2 General
- 4.3.3 Sample preparation
- 4.3.4 Sample conditioning
- 4.3.5 Apparatus and procedure
- 4.3.6 Adhesion tests for interfaces of backsheet and frontsheet
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Overview of adhesion tests [Go to Page]
- 4.3.7 Reporting requirements
- 4.4 Thermal characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.4.1 Thermal endurance
- 4.4.2 Dimensional stability
- Figure 2 – Specimen before and after shrinkage [Go to Page]
- 4.4.3 Relative thermal expansion (CTE)
- 4.4.4 Thermal conductivity
- 4.5 Electrical characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.5.1 Breakdown voltage
- 4.5.2 Distance through insulation (dti)
- Figure 3 – Examples of lamination cycles
- Figure 4 – Schematics of test specimen for distancefor insulation before and after lamination
- Figure 5 – Directions for sectioning (perpendicular tosolder wire position) [Go to Page]
- 4.5.3 Comparative Tracking Index (CTI)
- Figure 6 – Example of dti cross-section of a backsheetwith an E-layer as inner side material [Go to Page]
- 4.5.4 Volume resistivity
- 4.6 Optical characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.6.1 General
- 4.6.2 Specimen preparation
- 4.6.3 Visual Inspection
- 4.6.4 Optical transmittance of frontsheets and backsheets
- 4.6.5 Optical reflectance of backsheets
- 4.6.6 Yellowness index (YI)
- 4.6.7 Colour measurement (L*, a*, b*)
- 4.6.8 Surface gloss
- 4.7 Diffusion characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.7.1 Permeability of water vapour
- 4.7.2 Permeability of oxygen
- 4.8 Chemical characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.8.1 Resistance to solvents
- 4.9 Other characteristics [Go to Page]
- 4.9.1 Ignitability – Purpose
- 4.9.2 Flammability – Purpose
- 4.10 Accelerated ageing tests [Go to Page]
- 4.10.1 Purpose
- 4.10.2 Damp Heat (DH) testing at elevated heat and moisture
- 4.10.3 Weathering at elevated levels of temperature and moisture
- Table 2 – Overview of sample preparation for exposure ofsun-facing side of backsheet depending on intendedpost evaluation (see Table F.1)
- 5 Uniform characterization form (UCF) [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Layer stack description
- 5.3 Material test results and reporting requirements
- Table 3 – Uniform characterization form (UCF) for polymericPV frontsheet or backsheet
- 6 Data sheet [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Purpose
- 6.2 Reporting requirements
- 7 Product identification sheet (label)
- Annex A (informative)Overview of adhesion testing of frontsheet and backsheet [Go to Page]
- A.1 Type of adhesion failure
- Figure A.1 – Adhesive and cohesive failure type schematicsfor lap-shear (top) and T-pluck (bottom)
- A.2 Characteristics of adhesion peel tests
- A.3 Characteristics of pluck and lap-shear tests
- A.4 Cross-hatch tape testing
- A.5 Other caveats
- A.6 Overview
- Table A.1 – Overview of various adhesion tests and their general capability oftesting polymeric frontsheet and backsheet
- Annex B (normative)Adhesive bond strength test procedures in PV context [Go to Page]
- B.1 180°peel adhesion test [Go to Page]
- B.1.1 Specimens
- B.1.2 Procedure
- Figure B.1 – Example test panel (70 mm x 150 mm) and test specimen [Go to Page]
- B.1.3 Measurement
- Figure B.2 – Fixation of the sample for 180° peel (for use with flexible/flexible samples)and cross-section of the sample
- B.2 T-peel adhesion test [Go to Page]
- B.2.1 Sample preparation
- Figure B.3 – Single and multiple failure modes in a peel test [Go to Page]
- B.2.2 Procedure
- B.2.3 Measurement
- Figure B.4 – Sheet sandwich (above) from which test specimensfor T-peel are prepared
- B.3 Dynamic tensile (T-pluck) [Go to Page]
- B.3.1 Purpose
- B.3.2 Principle
- B.3.3 Specimens
- Figure B.5 – Dynamic tensile (pluck) schematic [Go to Page]
- B.3.4 Measurement procedure
- B.3.5 Final measurements
- Figure B.6 – Schematic of pluck sample (in cross-section)for a laminated backsheet test
- Figure B.7 – Dynamic tensile variables
- B.4 Dynamic overlap shear [Go to Page]
- B.4.1 Purpose
- B.4.2 Principle
- B.4.3 Specimens
- Figure B.8 – Overlap shear force schematics
- Figure B.9 – Schematic of overlap shear specimen shown in cross-section,for a laminated backsheet coupon
- Figure B.10 – Details of overlap shear specimens(ISO 4587:2003, Figure 1) [Go to Page]
- B.4.4 Measurement procedure
- B.4.5 Final measurements
- Figure B.11 – Overview of overlap shear test conditions
- B.5 Cross-hatch tape test [Go to Page]
- B.5.1 Apparatus
- Figure B.12 – Dynamic overlap shear schematic [Go to Page]
- B.5.2 Procedure
- B.5.3 Final measurements
- Figure B.13 – Illustration of area removal by tape in cross-hatch test,with classification from 0 to 5 (from left to right)
- Annex C (normative)DC breakdown voltage [Go to Page]
- C.1 Apparatus
- C.2 Surrounding medium
- C.3 Procedure
- Figure C.1 – Equal electrodes for dielectric strength test(taken from Figure 1b of IEC 60243-1:2013)
- C.4 Criteria of breakdown
- C.5 Other characterization methods
- Annex D (informative)Abrasion testing [Go to Page]
- D.1 Purpose
- D.2 Methods
- Figure D.1 – Number size distributions of saltation particles at the dune site,30 cm height, and the Gobi sites, 20 cm and 30 cm height,from 1223 to 1320 UT, 5 April 2002 [13]
- Figure D.2 – Particle size distribution of sand from different heights
- Figure D.3 – Grain size distribution of surface sand and drifting sandcaptured at 20 cm high above the crest of dune [14]
- Annex E (normative)Sampling of films [Go to Page]
- E.1 Purpose
- E.2 Procedure
- Annex F (normative)Sample preparation [Go to Page]
- F.1 Purpose
- F.2 Sample constructions [Go to Page]
- F.2.1 General considerations
- F.2.2 Materials and procedures
- Table F.1 – Overview of sample preparation suitable for material tests
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
