Significance and Use

Several standards, including Practices E991 , E1164 , and Test Methods E1331 , E1348 and E1349 , require either the presence or absence of fluorescence exhibited by the specimen for correct application. This practice provides spectrophotometric procedures for identifying the presence of fluorescence in materials.

This practice is applicable to all object-color specimens, whether opaque, translucent, or transparent, meeting the requirements for specimens in the appropriate standards listed in 2.1. Translucent specimens should be measured by reflectance, with a standard non-fluorescent backing material, usually but not necessarily black, placed behind the specimen during measurement.

This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer in which the spectral distribution of the illumination on the specimen can be altered by the user in one of several ways. The modification of the illumination can either be by the insertion of optical filters between the illuminating source and the specimen, without interfering with the detection of the radiation from the specimen, or by interchange of the illuminating and detecting systems of the instrument or by scanning of both the illuminating energy and detection output as in the two-monochromator method.

The confirmation of the presence of fluorescence is made by the comparison of spectral curves, color difference, or single parameter difference such as ? Y between the measurements.

Note 2In editions of E1247 - 92 and earlier, the test of fluorescence was the two sets of spectral transmittances or radiance factor (reflectance factors) differ by 1 % of full scale at the wavelength of greatest difference.

Either bidirectional or hemispherical instrument geometry may be used in this practice. The instrument must be capable of providing either broadband (white light) irradiation on the specimen or monochromatic irradiation and monochromatic detection.

This practice describes methods to detect the presence of fluorescence only. It does not address the issue of whether the fluorescence makes a significant or insignificant contribution to the colorimetric properties of the specimen for any given application. The user must determine the practical significance of the effect of fluorescence on the color measurement.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice provides spectrophotometric methods for detecting the presence of fluorescence in object-color specimens.

Note 1Since the addition of fluorescing agents (colorants, whitening agents, etc.) is often intentional by the manufacturer of a material, information on the presence or absence of fluorescent properties in a specimen may often be obtained from the maker of the material.

1.2 This practice requires the use of a spectrophotometer that both irradiates the specimen over the wavelength range from 340 to 700 nm and allows the spectral distribution of illumination on the specimen to be altered as desired.

1.3 Within the above limitations, this practice is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

E284 Terminology of Appearance

E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System

E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

E991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens Using the One-Monochromator Method

E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation

E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry

E1348 Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry

E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45:0 or 0:45) Geometry

E2152 Practice for Computing the Colors of Fluorescent Objects from Bispectral Photometric Data

E2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Data for Evaluation of Fluorescent Color

Keywords

fluorescence; light-transmission and reflection; spectrophotometry; transmittance and reflectance;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 17.180.20 (Colours and measurement of light)

DOI: 10.1520/E1247-12

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM E1247