Significance and Use

This test method establishes a means to verify the prevention, to the extent possible, of IHE in steel fasteners during manufacture by maintaining strict controls during production operations such as surface preparation, pretreatments, and plating or coating. It is intended to be used as a qualification test for new or revised plating or coating processes and as a periodic inspection audit for the control of a plating or coating process.

Passing this test allows fasteners to be stressed in tension to the minimum specified tensile load in air with almost no possibility of time delayed fracture in air as a result of IHE from processing. If the amount of residual hydrogen is not sufficient to induce cracking or fracture in the specimen under worst case conditions, then it can be concluded that all of the lots of fasteners processed during that period will not have sufficient residual hydrogen from processing to induce hydrogen embrittlement of the fasteners under stress in air if the process remains in control, unchanged and stable.

If certified specimens with demonstrated sensitivity to IHE, processed with the fasteners, have a threshold ? 75 % of the incremental step load notched bend fracture stress, NFS(B) _{F 1624} , it is assumed that all fasteners processed the same way during the period will also pass any sustained load IHE test.

FIG. 1 Dimensional Requirements for a 0.4W-Notched Square Bar Bend Specimen

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers a procedure to prevent, to the extent possible, internal hydrogen embrittlement (IHE) of fasteners by monitoring the plating or coating process, such as those described in Specifications F 1137 and F 1941. The process is quantitatively monitored on a periodic basis with a minimum number of specimens as compared to qualifying each lot of fasteners being plated or coated. Trend analysis is used to ensure quality as compared to statistical sampling analysis of each lot of fasteners. This test method consists of a mechanical test for the evaluation and control of the potential for IHE that may arise from various sources of hydrogen in a plating or coating process.

1.2 This test method consists of a mechanical test, conducted on a standard specimen used as a witness, for the evaluation and control of the potential for IHE that may arise from various sources of hydrogen in a plating or coating process.

1.3 This test method is limited to evaluating hydrogen induced embrittlement due only to processing (IHE) and not due to environmental exposure (EHE, see Test Method F 1624).

1.4 This test method is not intended to measure the relative susceptibility of steels to either IHE or EHE.

1.5 This test method is limited to evaluating processes used for plating or coating ferrous fasteners.

1.6 This test method uses a notched square bar specimen that conforms to Test Method F 519, Type 1e, except that the radius is increased to accommodate the deposition of a larger range of platings and coatings. For the background on Test Method F 519 testing, see publications ASTM STP 543 and ASTM STP 962. The stress concentration factor is at a K t = 3.1 0.2. The sensitivity is demonstrated with a constant imposed cathodic potential to control the amount of hydrogen. Both the sensitivity and the baseline for residual hydrogen will be established with tests on bare metal specimens in air.

1.7 The sensitivity of each lot of specimens to IHE shall be demonstrated. A specimen made of AISI E4340 steel heat treated to a hardness range of 50 to 52 HRC is used to produce a 'worst case' condition and maximize sensitivity to IHE.

1.8 The test is an accelerated (24 h) test method to measure the threshold for hydrogen stress cracking, and is used to quantify the amount of residual hydrogen in the specimen. The specimen undergoes sustained load and slow strain rate testing by using incremental loads and hold times under displacement control to measure a threshold stress in an accelerated manner in accordance with Test Method F 1624.

1.9 In this test method, bending is used instead of tension because it produces the maximum local limit load tensile stress in a notched bar of up to 2.3 times the yield strength as measured in accordance with Test Method E 8. A fastener that is unintentionally exposed to bending on installation may attain this maximum local tensile stress.

1.10 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D1193 Specification for Reagent Water

E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines

E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials

E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications

E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods

E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K Ic of Metallic Materials

E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing

F519 Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments

F1137 Specification for Phosphate/Oil Corrosion Protective Coatings for Fasteners

F1624 Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental Step Loading Technique

F1941 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings on Threaded Fasteners (Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN/UNR))

G5 Reference Test Method for Making Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements

SAE Standards

Keywords

coating; delayed failure; displacement control; EHE; fasteners; hydrogen embrittlement; IHE; incremental step load; loading rate; plating; steel; threshold;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 21.060.01 (Fasteners in general)

DOI: 10.1520/F1940-07A

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM F1940